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The challenge of objectives and instruments in the economic policy of modern Russia

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Over the past decade, the Russian government has been using a variety of development tools and institutions in its economic policy aimed at promoting innovation. According to the gov-ernment's plan, development institutions (clusters, public-private partnerships, national projects and programs, special organizations, etc.) should contribute to the innovative renewal of the structure of the economy. However, no convincing and sustainable results have yet been achieved. The article is devoted to identifying analytical tools capable of critically examining the interpretation and practice of using development institutions. The subject of research is the work of J. Tinbergen. In the works of this author, an analytical approach to the development and implementation of economic policy is presented, where the problem of the ratio of ends and means is at the center, regardless of the scale and socio-economic characteristics of an econom-ic object (positivist technical and economic tools). The purpose of the article is, on the basis of the imperatives of action in the field of economic policy proposed by J. Tinbergen, to investigate the interpretation of interconnections and economic practices by clusters and public-private partnerships in the Russian economy. A critical comparative analysis of the interpretations and practices of interaction between the cluster and public-private partnerships showed that these tools serve different and incomparable purposes, therefore their mixing does not enhance the positive result and confuses the assessment of the effectiveness of using each. The presented version of the analysis of economic policy opposes the traditional approach to understanding its problems. Instead of the general problem of improving economic policy aimed at improving the economy, the problem of developing economic policy to achieve a certain set of results in the economy is considered. The work uses analytical data from the Ministry of Economic Devel-opment, the Government of the Leningrad Region on monitoring public-private partnerships, industry and innovation clusters, confirming the conclusions of the authors.

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