High-stability erbium-doped fiber superfluorescent sources (EDFS) are widely used in many fields of science and technology: telecommunications, sensing, medicine, fiber-optic gyroscopes (FOG) and other devices that require a signal from the optical radiation in the region of 1.55 µm with low temporal coherence. In particular, the small coherence length of EDFS is necessary for reducing errors in the output signal of FOG, which are caused by parasitic effects, such as: reverse Rayleigh scattering, the pumping modes in the optical elements, Kerr effect, etc. The purpose of this work is the review of methods of construction, optimization and stabilization of EDFS in particular for use in FOG. The review describes methods of construction, optimization and stabilization of the spectral parameters of EDFS. The main result is formed by the most optimal optical scheme for constructing highly stable EDFS.