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THEORETICAL BASES OF DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH OF ELECTRONIC SENSOR OF SMALL-SIZED AIRCRAFT SPEED VECTOR PARAMETERS

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Information on aircraft speed vector module and direction relative to the aircraft's longitudinal axis, determined by the aerodynamic angles of attack and slip, is noted to be of importance for the aircraft piloting and ensuring safety of its movement in the atmosphere. An analysis of available means for determining the airspeed vector, which include the aerodynamic, vane, vortex and ion-beacon methods for measuring the incoming air flow parameters, is carried out. Restrictions on the methods application in the case of a small aircraft are considered. A functional diagram of an integrated electronic sensor of air velocity vector parameters of a small aircraft with ultrasonic measuring channels is presented. Distinctive feature of the sensor is the use of two pairs of combined emitters and receivers of ultrasonic vibrations propagating in the directions of the incoming air flow and against the flow and registered by an electronic measuring circuit with two measuring channels. Analytical models are developed for formation and processing of informative signals, for determining the air speed vector parameters of a small aircraft by frequency, time-pulse and phase informative signals of ultrasonic measuring channels. The competitive advantages and prospects of using the electronic sensor of airspeed vector parameters on small manned and unmanned aircraft are described.

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