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Improving the efficiency of management of natural monopolies as a mechanism for ensuring the energy security of the state

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The article analyzes the methods and tools of state management of natural monopolies, which should be aimed, on the one hand, at maintaining the availability of their services for the general population with different levels of income, and on the other hand, at ensuring the energy security of the country. In the Russian Federation, the main method of regulating the activities of natural monopolies is price regulation (tariff). The problems in the sphere of state management of natural monopolies in Russia are revealed, which are characteristic of all industries in which natural monopolies operate, and which are associated with insufficient elaboration of measures of tariff and investment regulation. In particular, a significant spread in tariffs for electricity transmission services due to regional specifics depends on the investment programs implemented by natural monopolies in electricity transmission, which contribute to eliminating imbalances in the development of territories. The problem of strengthening control over investment programs implemented by natural monopolies can be solved by using the tools of public control. A serious threat to energy security is the presence of a mechanism of cross-subsidization by different groups of consumers, which significantly complicates the process of tariff regulation, makes it less understandable and transparent, leads to an increase in tariffs for electricity transmission, and also to a certain extent reduces the investment attractiveness of all enterprises in the energy sector. The need for a gradual abandonment of the mechanism of cross-subsidization in the energy sector on the basis of a gradual reduction in tariffs for industrial consumers and a gradual increase in electricity tariffs for the population is substantiated.

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