Existing technologies of deep ice drilling do not provide environmentally friendly penetration into the subglacial lakes of Antarctica for scientific research. To solve this problem, a new technology of high-speed environmentally friendly ice drilling and opening of subglacial lakes using a combined thermal drilling unit is proposed. The design of the drilling unit eliminates contact of the circulating heated liquid with water and the borehole walls. Water formed as a result of ice melting by the thermal unit prevents the closure of the borehole walls under the action of rock pressure. The results of the thermal calculation demonstrate the possibility of drilling a deep borehole to the subglacial Lake Vostok in a few days. The new ice drilling technology will provide the opportunity to study Lake Vostok in order to search for life in extreme conditions and will allow the installation of a neutrino telescope detector in the lake to register ultra-high-energy cosmic neutrinos.