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Upward flow hydrodynamics of an oil hydrogenation bed in a fixed-bed catalyst

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The article presents results of experimental research of flow regimes and gas content in the system formed during hydrogenation of cotton oil in a fixed-bed catalyst. The aim of the research is to reveal dependence between the dynamic share of liquid in the hydrogenation bed on the process conditions and to obtain maps of hydrodynamic regimens. It is essential to determine the gas content in the hydrogenation bed in order to find out hydraulic resistance of the reactor and to develop the devicefurther. Cotton oil containing 4.2% hexane was the object of the research; this solution viscosity and density were equal to those of cotton oil at the hydrogenation temperature. Industrial hydrogen was also used in the research. In addition, heterogeneous nickel aluminum catalyst was taken for the research in the form of 3–5 mm irregular-shaped particles. The hydrogenation process was modelled continuously in the device shaped as a glass column with a fixed bed of a catalytic agent and with an upward flow of gas-liquid mixture. Three hydrodynamic regimens were detected with the upward air flow: bubble flow, pulsation flow, and jet flow; a map of hydrodynamic regimens was also drawn. The correlationbetween the dynamic share of liquid in the hydrogenation bed and the conditions of the project executionwas discovered. That enables more accurate calculation of the hydraulic resistance for the catalyst. Dynamic share of the liquid is shown to depend on the following parameters: surface tension of the liquid, its density, viscosity, and particle diameter of the catalyst. The model system presented above differs from its counterparts previously studied for this sphere of application (hydrogen and cotton oil-hexane mixture were chosen as the research object). The possibility of receiving new correlations should be taken into account during modelling of hydrogenation beds.

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