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Key trends and medium-term programs for the innovative and secure development of the Russian national economy

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Introduction: Most approaches to studying the relationships between agents in the real and financial sectors, traditional and innovative subsectors, etc., taking into account the growth of innovation potential and export-technological potential, are presented by various economists. Conceptual approaches are presented in the works of various foreign scholars (E. Altvater, M. Binswanger, B. Braasch, A. Galetowik, M. Heine, H. Heusse, J. Gurley, R. Guttmann, J. Keynes, H. Minsky, J. Olivier, J. Stiglitz, S. Strange, H. Tietmeyer, J. Tobin, H. Herr, W. Cheek, K. Zinn, E. Shaw, B. Emunds, etc.). The research problems are reflected in the works of Russian scientists (E. Akopova, A. Anikin, Z. Atlas, I. Afanasenko, A. Bazhan, D. Beloousova, A. Borisova, V. Borisovich, A. Borodina, A. Burlachkov, S. Dyatlov, V. Katasonov, I. Klyuchnikov, V. Maryanenko, D. Miropolsky, O. Molchanova, A. Navoy, I. Sergeeva, etc.). There is no unified approach to studying the essence and measurement of the innovative and export-technological potential of the studied sectors of the economy as indicators of the formation of interrelations between sectors due to new factors of economic growth – innovations. Data and Metods: The methodology and domestic and international practical experience reveal the ineffectiveness of exogenous factors influencing the activities of sectoral agents, which contributes to the loss of innovative potential and its components, including export-technological potential. The role of innovative potential is explored through various stages: the overall level, its five elements, and the ability to choose a development program for Russia's national economy. The author argues that declining competitiveness and innovative potential require the development of a medium-term economic development program to overcome technological backwardness and improve security. The programs of the Russian Ministry of Economic Development, the Stolypin Club, and the author are presented. Analys of Results: The article presents the exogenous and endogenous causes and problems of the Russian economy's unproductive functioning under the challenging geopolitical situation, sanctions, lack of competitiveness, low economic growth rates, and the level of innovation and export-technological potential over the past twenty-five years. The author's program is more successful because it focuses on economic growth, increasing innovation potential, and effectively organizing interactions between the sectors under study, compared to the Russian Ministry of Economic Development's program, which focuses on developing the traditional subsector, and the Stolypin Club's program, which focuses on the financial sector. This requires active government support for the regions.

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